Require Export Undecidability.TM.Code.CodeTM Undecidability.TM.Code.ChangeAlphabet.
Require Export Undecidability.TM.Compound.TMTac.
Require Export Undecidability.TM.Basic.Mono Undecidability.TM.Compound.Multi.
From Undecidability Require Import ArithPrelim.
Require Import Undecidability.Shared.FinTypeEquiv Undecidability.Shared.FinTypeForallExists.

Set Default Proof Using "Type".
Section fix_Sigma.

  Variable n : nat.

  Definition encode_sym (s : Fin.t n) : list bool :=
    let i := proj1_sig (Fin.to_nat s) in
    repeat false i ++ repeat true (n - i).

  Lemma length_encode_sym (s : Fin.t n) :
    length (encode_sym s) = n.
  Proof.
    unfold encode_sym. destruct Fin.to_nat as [i Hi].
    cbn. rewrite app_length, !repeat_length. lia.
  Qed.

  Fixpoint encode_string (s : list (Fin.t n)) :=
    match s with
    | [] => []
    | i :: l => false :: encode_sym i ++ true :: encode_string l
    end.

  Lemma encode_string_app s1 s2 :
    encode_string (s1 ++ s2) = encode_string s1 ++ encode_string s2.
  Proof.
    induction s1; cbn.
    - reflexivity.
    - rewrite <-app_assoc. cbn. now rewrite IHs1.
  Qed.

  Definition encode_tape (t : tape (Fin.t n)) :=
    match t with
    | niltape => niltape
    | midtape ls c_i rs => midtape (rev (encode_string (rev ls))) false (encode_sym c_i ++ true :: encode_string rs)
    | leftof c_i rs => leftof false (encode_sym c_i ++ true :: encode_string rs)
    | rightof c_i ls => rightof true (rev (encode_sym c_i) ++ false :: rev(encode_string (rev (ls))))
    end.

End fix_Sigma.

Fixpoint ReadB (n : nat) : pTM (FinType (EqType bool)) (option (Fin.t n)) 1.
Proof.
  destruct n as [ | n ].
  - exact (Return Nop None).
  - refine (Switch ReadChar (fun o : option bool =>
                              match o with None => Return Nop None | Some _ =>
                                Move Rmove ;; Switch ReadChar (fun o : option bool =>
                                match o with
                                | None => Return (Move Lmove) None
                                | Some true => Return (Move Lmove) (Some Fin.F1)
                                | Some false => Switch (ReadB n) (fun o => Return (Move Lmove)
                                                                            (match o with
                                                                             | None => None
                                                                             | Some i => Some (Fin.R 1 i)
                                                                             end))
                                end)
                              end)).
Defined.
Definition ReadB_rel' d n : Vector.t (tape bool) 1 -> option (Fin.t (d + n)) * Vector.t (tape bool) 1 -> Prop :=
  fun t '(l, t') =>
    forall t_sig : tape (Fin.t n), t = [| encode_tape t_sig |] -> t' = t /\ forall s, current t_sig = Some s -> l = Some (Fin.R d s).

Smpl Add eassumption : TM_Correct.

Fixpoint ReadB_canonical n :
  {Rel | ReadB n Rel}.
Proof.
  destruct n; cbn.
  - eexists. TM_Correct.
  - eexists. eapply Switch_Realise. TM_Correct. cbn in *. intros [ | ].
    instantiate (1 := fun o => match o with None => _ | Some _ => _ end).
    eapply Seq_Realise. TM_Correct.
    eapply Switch_Realise. TM_Correct. cbn in *. intros [[] | ].
    instantiate (1 := fun o => match o with None => _ | Some true => _ | Some false => _ end). cbn in *.
    TM_Correct. eapply Switch_Realise. eapply (proj2_sig (ReadB_canonical n)).
    instantiate (1 := fun o => match o with None => _ | Some _ => _ end).
    intros []; TM_Correct. TM_Correct. cbn. TM_Correct.
Defined.
Lemma ReadB_Realise n :
  ReadB n fun t '(l, t') => forall t_sig : tape (Fin.t n), t = [| encode_tape t_sig |] -> t' = t /\ l = current t_sig.
Proof.
  eapply Realise_monotone. exact (proj2_sig (ReadB_canonical n)).
  pose (Rel := (fun n (t : Vector.t _ 1) '(l, t') =>
  match t with
  | [| midtape ls _ rs |] => forall rs' (c_i : Fin.t n), rs = encode_sym c_i ++ rs' ->
        t' = t /\ l = Some c_i
  | _ => t' = t /\ l = None
  end) : forall n, Vector.t (tape bool) 1 -> option (Fin.t n) * Vector.t (tape bool) 1 -> Prop).
  transitivity (Rel n).
  - induction n.
    + subst Rel. cbn. intros tp (l, t') (-> & [ _ ->]).
      eapply Vector.caseS' with (v := tp). clear tp. intros t nl.
      eapply Vector.case0 with (v := nl). clear nl. destruct t; eauto.
      intros rs' c_i ->. inv c_i.
    + intros t (l, t') (? & tright & (-> & ->) & H).
      destruct_tapes. cbn in *. rename h into t'. rename h0 into t.
      destruct t; cbn in *.
      * destruct H as (-> & [] & ->). eauto.
      * destruct H as (-> & [] & ->). eauto.
      * destruct H as (-> & [] & ->). eauto.
      * intros rs' c_i ->.
        destruct H as ([] & tps & ? & ? & tps' & [-> ->] & H0).
        destruct_tapes. cbn in *. subst. rename l0 into ls. cbn in *.
        revert H0. eapply Fin.caseS' with (p := c_i); clear c_i.
        -- cbn. intros (-> & [] & ->). eauto.
        -- intros c_i. change (Fin.FS c_i) with (Fin.R 1 c_i) in *.
           unfold encode_sym. cbn in *.
           pose proof (Fin.R_sanity 1 c_i) as E. cbn in E.
           rewrite E. clear E. cbn.
           intros (o & tout & ? & ?). eapply IHn in H. cbn in H.
           destruct (H _ _ eq_refl) as [-> ->]. cbn in *.
           destruct H0 as (-> & [] & ->). eauto.
  - intros t (l, t'). unfold Rel. intros H.
    destruct_tapes. rename h0 into t. rename h into t'. intros t_sig [= ->].
    destruct t_sig; cbn in *; eauto.
Qed.

Definition isTotal {Σ} {L} {n} (M : pTM Σ L n) := exists c, projT1 M fun t k => c <= k.

Ltac help :=
  intros;TMSimp; destruct_tapes; TMSimp; try lia;
  try match goal with
  [ |- ?L <= ?R ] => tryif (is_evar R) then (eapply le_plus_l) else (ring_simplify; shelve)
  | _ => idtac
  end.

Lemma ReadB_total n :
  isTotal (ReadB n).
Proof.
  induction n.
  - cbn. eexists. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone. TM_Correct.
    intros ? ? H. exact H.
  - destruct IHn as [c IH].
    eexists. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone. cbn.
    eapply Switch_TerminatesIn. TM_Correct. TM_Correct.
    intros []. instantiate (1 := fun f => if f then _ else _). cbn.
    instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f; refine _)).
    eapply Seq_TerminatesIn. TM_Correct. TM_Correct.
    eapply Switch_TerminatesIn. TM_Correct. TM_Correct.
    intros []. instantiate (1 := fun f => match f with Some true => _ | Some false => _ | None => _ end). cbn.
    destruct b0 as [[] | ].
    + cbn. instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f b0; refine _)).
      TM_Correct.
    + instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f b0; refine _)).
      eapply Switch_TerminatesIn. eapply ReadB_Realise. eassumption.
      intros []. cbn. TM_Correct.
      instantiate (1 := fun f => if f then _ else _). cbn.
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f; refine _)). TM_Correct.
      cbn.
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f; refine _)). TM_Correct.
    + cbn. instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f; refine _)). TM_Correct.
    + cbn. instantiate (1 := ltac:(clear f; refine _)). TM_Correct.
    + cbn. intros ? ? ?. exists 1. eexists. split.
      lia. split. 2:{ intros. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp.
      destruct (current _).
      * exists 1. eexists. split. lia. split. 2:{ intros. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp.
        exists 1. eexists. split. lia. split. 2:{ intros. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp.
        destruct current. destruct b0. instantiate (1 := S _). lia. 2:lia.
        exists c. eexists. split. lia. split. 2:{ intros. destruct yout. instantiate (1 := S _). lia. lia. }
        ring_simplify. shelve. }
        ring_simplify. shelve. }
        ring_simplify. cbn. shelve.
      * shelve. } shelve.
      Unshelve. 2:exact 0. 4: exact (S c). all: try lia. 2:{ eapply H. }
Qed.

Require Import Undecidability.TM.Compound.WriteString.

Fixpoint MoveM {Σ : finType} (D : move) (n : nat) : pTM Σ unit 1 :=
  match n with
  | 0 => Nop
  | S n => MoveM D n ;; Move D
  end.

Definition TestLeftof {Σ : finType} : pTM Σ bool 1 :=
  Switch ReadChar (fun s1 => match s1 with Some _ => Return Nop false | None => Move Rmove ;; Switch ReadChar (fun s2 => match s2 with None => Return Nop false | Some _ => Return (Move Lmove) true end) end).

Lemma TestLeftof_Realise {Σ : finType} :
  @TestLeftof Σ fun t '(b, t') => t = t' /\ match t with [| leftof _ _ |] => b = true | _ => b = false end.
Proof.
  eapply Realise_monotone. unfold TestLeftof. TM_Correct.
  intros t (b, t') ?. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. rename t_0 into t.
  destruct t; cbn in *; TMSimp; eauto.
Qed.

Definition MoveL_rel {Σ : finType} D (n : nat) : Vector.t (tape Σ) 1 -> unit * Vector.t (tape Σ) 1 -> Prop :=
  fun t '(_, t') => t' = Vector.map (Nat.iter n (fun t => @tape_move Σ t D)) t.

Lemma MoveM_Realise {Σ : finType} D (n : nat) :
  @MoveM Σ D n MoveL_rel D n.
Proof.
  induction n; unfold MoveL_rel; cbn.
  - eapply Realise_monotone. TM_Correct. intros t ([], t') ->.
    destruct_tapes. reflexivity.
  - eapply Realise_monotone. eapply Seq_Realise. eassumption. TM_Correct.
    intros t ([], t') ?; cbn in *. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. reflexivity.
Qed.

Definition WriteB (n : nat) (c : option (Fin.t n)) : pTM (FinType (EqType bool)) unit 1 :=
  match c with
  | None => Nop
  | Some c =>
    Switch TestLeftof (fun b => if b then WriteString Lmove (rev (false :: encode_sym c ++ [true])) else
      WriteString Rmove (false :: encode_sym c ++ [true]) ;; MoveM Lmove (S n))
  end.

Lemma Nat_iter_S' {A} (f : A -> A) (a : A) n :
  Nat.iter (S n) f a = f (Nat.iter n f a).
Proof.
  reflexivity.
Qed.

Lemma Nat_iter_S {A} (f : A -> A) (a : A) n :
   Nat.iter (S n) f a = Nat.iter n f (f a).
Proof.
  induction n in a |- *; cbn.
  - reflexivity.
  - unfold Nat.iter in IHn. now rewrite <- IHn.
Qed.

Lemma Nat_iter_id {A} (a : A) n :
   Nat.iter n (fun a : A => a) a = a.
Proof.
  induction n in a |- *; cbn.
  - reflexivity.
  - unfold Nat.iter in IHn. now rewrite <- IHn.
Qed.

Lemma WriteString_MoveBack {Σ : finType} (x : Σ) l :
  (WriteString Rmove (x :: l) ;; MoveM Lmove (|l|)) fun t '(_, t') => t' = Vector.map (fun t => midtape (left t) x (l ++ skipn (|l|) (right t))) t.
Proof.
  eapply Realise_monotone. TM_Correct. eapply RealiseIn_Realise, WriteString_Sem. eapply MoveM_Realise.
  intros t ([], t') ([] & t1 & ? & ?). TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. f_equal. rename t_0 into t.
  induction l in x, t |- *.
  - reflexivity.
  - cbn [length plus]. rewrite Nat_iter_S'.
    rewrite WriteString_Fun_eq. setoid_rewrite IHl. clear.
    destruct t; cbn.
    + now rewrite skipn_nil.
    + reflexivity.
    + now rewrite skipn_nil.
    + unfold tape_move_left'. unfold tape_move_right'. cbn. destruct l1; cbn.
      * now rewrite skipn_nil.
      * reflexivity.
Qed.

Lemma WriteB_Realise (n : nat) (c : option (Fin.t n)) :
  WriteB c fun t '(_, t') => forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape t_sig |] -> t' = [| encode_tape (wr c t_sig) |].
Proof.
  destruct c as [c | ].
  - eapply Realise_monotone. unfold WriteB. eapply Switch_Realise.
    eapply TestLeftof_Realise. intros []. instantiate (1 := fun b => if b then _ else _).
    cbn. eapply RealiseIn_Realise, WriteString_Sem.
    pose proof (@WriteString_MoveBack (finType_CS bool) false (encode_sym c ++ [true])). cbn in H.
    replace (|encode_sym c ++ [true]|) with (S n) in H. 2:rewrite app_length, length_encode_sym; cbn; lia. cbn.
    eapply H.
    intros t ([], t') ? ? ->. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. f_equal.
    destruct t_sig eqn:E; cbn - [skipn].
    + cbn in *. TMSimp. now rewrite app_nil_r.
    + cbn in *. TMSimp. generalize (encode_sym t ++ true :: encode_string l). clear. intros.
      replace (encode_sym c ++ true :: false :: l) with ((encode_sym c ++ [true]) ++ false :: l).
      generalize (encode_sym c ++ [true]). generalize false. intros.
      generalize b at 1 4. intros.
      induction l0 in b0, b, l |- * using rev_ind; cbn.
      * reflexivity.
      * rewrite rev_app_distr. cbn. rewrite WriteString_Fun_eq.
        destruct l0 as [ | x0 l0 _] using rev_ind.
        -- cbn. reflexivity.
        -- rewrite rev_app_distr. cbn. rewrite <- !app_assoc.
           specialize (IHl0 (b0 :: l) b x). rewrite rev_app_distr in IHl0.
           cbn in *. rewrite <- app_assoc in IHl0. cbn in IHl0. eassumption.
      * now rewrite <- app_assoc.
    + cbn in *. TMSimp. rewrite <- app_assoc. cbn. repeat f_equal. rewrite encode_string_app. cbn.
      rewrite !rev_app_distr. cbn. rewrite rev_app_distr. cbn. now rewrite <- app_assoc.
    + cbn in *. TMSimp. rewrite <- app_assoc. cbn -[skipn]. repeat f_equal.
      replace (encode_sym t ++ true :: encode_string l0) with ((encode_sym t ++ [true]) ++ encode_string l0).
      pose proof (length_encode_sym t).
      destruct (encode_sym) eqn:E.
      * cbn in *. subst. reflexivity.
      * cbn in *. inv H. rewrite skipn_app. reflexivity. rewrite app_length. cbn. lia.
      * now rewrite <- app_assoc.
  - cbn. eapply Realise_monotone. TM_Correct.
    intros t ([], t') ->. eauto.
Qed.

Lemma MoveM_isTotal {Σ : finType} D (n : nat) :
  isTotal (@MoveM Σ D n).
Proof.
  induction n; cbn.
  - eexists. TM_Correct.
  - destruct IHn as [c IH]. eexists. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone.
    TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise. intros ? ? ?.
    repeat eexists. eapply le_plus_l. cbn. 2: intros; eapply le_plus_l.
    eapply H.
  Unshelve. all:exact 0.
Qed.

Lemma WriteB_TerminatesIn (n : nat) (c : option (Fin.t n)) :
  isTotal (WriteB c).
Proof.
  destruct (@MoveM_isTotal (finType_CS bool) Lmove n) as [MoveM_c H_MoveM].
  red. eexists. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone.
  unfold WriteB. destruct c; cbn.
  - instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct c; refine _ )). cbn.
    TM_Correct. eapply TestLeftof_Realise. unfold TestLeftof.
    TM_Correct. eapply RealiseIn_TerminatesIn, WriteString_Sem.
    eapply RealiseIn_Realise, WriteString_Sem.
    eapply RealiseIn_TerminatesIn, WriteString_Sem.
    eapply MoveM_Realise.
  - cbn. TM_Correct.
  - cbn. intros ? ? ?. destruct c; cbn.
    + repeat eexists. help. eapply le_plus_l.
      intros. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. cbn.
      destruct (current _).
      * destruct b; help.
      * repeat eexists. help. help. help. eapply le_plus_l.
        intros. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. destruct current.
        destruct b; help. lia.
      * eapply H.
      * intros. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. rename tout_0 into h. destruct h; help.
        -- TMSimp. repeat eexists.
           rewrite !app_length, length_encode_sym. cbn. eapply le_plus_l. cbn.
           instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct c; refine _ )). cbn in *.
           eapply le_plus_l. eapply le_plus_l. eapply le_plus_l. intros. eapply le_plus_l.
        -- TMSimp. rewrite !app_length, rev_length, !app_length, length_encode_sym. cbn. lia.
        -- TMSimp. repeat eexists. rewrite !app_length, length_encode_sym. cbn. eapply le_plus_l.
           2: eapply le_plus_l. 2:eapply le_plus_l. 2: intros; eapply le_plus_l.
           ring_simplify. shelve.
        -- TMSimp. repeat eexists. rewrite !app_length, length_encode_sym. cbn.
           eapply le_plus_l. cbn. shelve. eapply le_plus_l. eapply le_plus_l. intros. eapply le_plus_l.
    + lia.
    Unshelve. all: try exact 0. lia. lia. lia.
Qed.

Definition MoveB (m : move) n : pTM (finType_CS bool) unit 1 :=
  Switch TestLeftof (fun b => match b, m with
                              | true, Rmove => Move Rmove
                              | _, _ => MoveM m (2 + n)
                              end).

Arguments Nat.iter : simpl never.
Opaque Nat.iter.

Lemma midtape_left_midtape {Σ : finType} (l1 l2 : list Σ) m m' r n :
  n = S (length l1) ->
  Nat.iter n (@tape_move_left Σ) (midtape (rev l1 ++ [m'] ++ l2) m r) = midtape l2 m' (l1 ++ m :: r).
Proof.
  intros ->. induction l1 in m, m', l2 |- *.
  - cbn. reflexivity.
  - cbn. rewrite <- app_assoc. rewrite Nat_iter_S'.
    now rewrite (IHl1 (m' :: l2) m a).
Qed.

Lemma midtape_right_midtape {Σ : finType} l m r1 c r2 n :
  n = S (length r1) ->
  Nat.iter n (@tape_move_right Σ) (midtape l m (r1 ++ c :: r2)) = midtape (rev r1 ++ m :: l) c r2.
Proof.
  intros ->. induction r1 in m, c, r2 |- * using rev_ind; cbn.
  - reflexivity.
  - rewrite app_length. cbn. rewrite plus_comm. cbn.
    rewrite <- app_assoc, Nat_iter_S'. cbn.
    rewrite (IHr1 m x (c :: r2)). cbn. now rewrite rev_app_distr.
Qed.

Lemma midtape_right_rightof {Σ : finType} l m rs c n :
  n = 2 + (length rs) ->
  Nat.iter n (@tape_move_right Σ) (midtape l m (rs ++ [c])) = rightof c (rev rs ++ m :: l).
Proof.
  intros ->. cbn. rewrite Nat_iter_S'.
  rewrite midtape_right_midtape. 2:reflexivity. cbn. reflexivity.
Qed.

Lemma MoveB_Realise (n : nat) m :
  MoveB m n fun t '(l, t') => forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape t_sig |] -> t' = [| @encode_tape n (mv m t_sig) |].
Proof.
  epose (R := _). eapply Realise_monotone.
  { unfold MoveB.
    eapply Switch_Realise. eapply TestLeftof_Realise.
    instantiate (1 := R m). subst R.
    instantiate (1 := fun m b => if b then _ else _). cbn.
    intros []. cbn. instantiate (1 := match m0 with Rmove => _ | _ => _ end). cbn. destruct m.
    TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise. TM_Correct. TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise.
    TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise. } subst R.

  assert (forall n c rs, Nat.iter n (fun t : tape bool => tape_move_left t) (leftof c rs) = leftof c rs) as Eleft. {
    clear. intros. clear. induction n; cbn. reflexivity. rewrite Nat_iter_S', IHn. reflexivity. }

  intros t ([], t') ? t_sig ->. TMSimp. destruct_tapes. f_equal.
  destruct t_sig.
  - TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp.
    assert (Nat.iter n (fun t : tape bool => tape_move t m) niltape = niltape) as ->.
    { induction n; cbn. reflexivity. rewrite Nat_iter_S', IHn. now destruct m. }
    now destruct m.
  - cbn in *. TMSimp. destruct m.
    + TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. now rewrite Eleft.
    + TMSimp. reflexivity.
    + TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. now rewrite Nat_iter_id.
  - TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp.
    destruct m.
    + cbn. rewrite <- !Nat_iter_S' with (f := fun t0 => tape_move_left t0).
      rewrite Nat_iter_S. cbn.
      pose proof (@midtape_left_midtape (finType_CS bool)). cbn in H. erewrite <- H.
      2: reflexivity. rewrite Nat_iter_S'. rewrite length_encode_sym. reflexivity.
    + enough (forall c rs, Nat.iter n (fun t : tape bool => tape_move_right t) (rightof c rs) = rightof c rs) as -> by reflexivity.
      intros. clear. induction n; cbn. reflexivity. rewrite Nat_iter_S', IHn. reflexivity.
    + now rewrite Nat_iter_id.
  - TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp. rename l into rs, l0 into ls.
    rewrite <- !Nat_iter_S' with (f := fun t0 => tape_move t0 m).
    destruct m.
    + cbn. destruct rs.
      * cbn. rewrite Nat_iter_S. cbn. now rewrite Eleft.
      * cbn. pose proof (@midtape_left_midtape (finType_CS bool)). cbn in H.
        rewrite encode_string_app, rev_app_distr. cbn. rewrite rev_app_distr. cbn.
        rewrite Nat_iter_S. cbn. rewrite <- app_assoc.
        erewrite <- H. 2:reflexivity. rewrite length_encode_sym. reflexivity.
    + cbn. destruct ls.
      * cbn.
        pose proof (@midtape_right_rightof (finType_CS bool)). cbn in H.
        rewrite H. 2:now rewrite length_encode_sym. reflexivity.
      * cbn. rewrite Nat_iter_S'.
        pose proof (@midtape_right_midtape (finType_CS bool)). cbn in H.
        rewrite H. cbn. rewrite encode_string_app. cbn. rewrite !rev_app_distr. cbn.
        rewrite rev_app_distr. cbn. rewrite <- app_assoc. cbn. reflexivity.
        now rewrite length_encode_sym.
    + cbn. rewrite Nat_iter_id. reflexivity.
Qed.

Lemma TestLeftof_total {Σ} :
  isTotal (@TestLeftof Σ).
Proof.
  unfold TestLeftof.
  eexists. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone.
  TM_Correct. intros ? ? ?. repeat eexists; help.
  destruct current; help.
  repeat eexists. help. help. help. instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct x; refine _)). cbn. eapply le_plus_l.
  help. destruct current. help. help.
  Unshelve. all: try destruct x; cbn.
  4:{ eapply H. } all:exact 0.
Qed.

Lemma MoveB_total (n : nat) :
  exists c, forall m, projT1 (MoveB m n) fun t k => c <= k.
Proof.
  destruct (@TestLeftof_total (finType_CS bool)) as [c Hlo].
  destruct (@MoveM_isTotal (finType_CS bool) Lmove n) as [c1 H1].
  destruct (@MoveM_isTotal (finType_CS bool) Nmove n) as [c2 H2].
  destruct (@MoveM_isTotal (finType_CS bool) Rmove n) as [c3 H3].

  eexists. intros m. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone.
  unfold MoveB.
  eapply Switch_TerminatesIn.
  TM_Correct. eapply TestLeftof_Realise. eapply Hlo.
  intros f. instantiate (1 := fun f => if f then _ else _). cbn.
  destruct f.
  - destruct m. instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct m, f; refine _)). all: cbn.
    eapply Seq_TerminatesIn. TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise. TM_Correct.
    eapply MoveM_Realise. TM_Correct. TM_Correct.
    TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise. eapply MoveM_Realise.
  - instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct f; refine _)); cbn.
    TM_Correct. eapply MoveM_Realise. eapply MoveM_Realise.
    destruct m. instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct m; refine _)); cbn. all: cbn.
    all:eassumption.
  - cbn. intros ? ? ?. repeat eexists; help.
    TMSimp. destruct_tapes. TMSimp.
    rename tout_0 into h. destruct h; TMSimp. repeat eexists; help. destruct m.
    instantiate (1:= ltac:(destruct m; refine _)); cbn. all:cbn.
    all:help.
    destruct m. instantiate (1:= ltac:(destruct m; refine _)); cbn. all:cbn.

    repeat eexists; help. lia.
    repeat eexists; help.
    repeat eexists. destruct m. instantiate (1:= ltac:(destruct m; refine _)); cbn. all:cbn.
    all:help.
    repeat eexists. destruct m. instantiate (1:= ltac:(destruct m; refine _)); cbn. all:cbn.
    all:help.
    Unshelve. all: try destruct x; cbn in *.
      all: try destruct x; cbn in *.
      all:try destruct m; cbn in *.
      17:{ eapply H. }
      16:{
      instantiate (6 := c1).
      instantiate (6 := c3) in H. ring_simplify in H.
      ring_simplify.
      replace (c + c1 + c3) with (c + c3 + c1) by lia. eapply H. }
      14:{ring_simplify. ring_simplify in H.
      instantiate (6 := c3). instantiate (5 := c1).
      instantiate (5 := c2) in H.
      replace (c + c3 + c2 + c1) with (c + c3 + c1 + c2) by lia. eapply H. }
      all:try exact 0. all: try lia. all: exact (fun _ _ => True).
Qed.

Section FixM.

  Variable Σ : finType.

  Let n := (projT1 (finite_n Σ)).
  Let f := (projT1 (projT2 (finite_n Σ))).
  Let g := (proj1_sig (projT2 (projT2 (finite_n Σ)))).
  Let Hf := (proj1 (proj2_sig (projT2 (projT2 (finite_n Σ))))).
  Let Hg := (proj2 (proj2_sig (projT2 (projT2 (finite_n Σ))))).

  Instance R : Retract (Fin.t n) Σ.
  Proof.
    eapply (@Build_Retract _ _ g (fun x => Some (f x ))).
    econstructor.
    - intros [= <-]; now rewrite Hg.
    - intros ->; now rewrite Hf.
  Qed.

  Definition encode_tape' (t : tape Σ) : tape bool := encode_tape (mapTape f t).

  Lemma ReadB_Realise' :
    ReadB n fun t '(l, t') => forall t_sig : tape Σ, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] -> t' = t /\ l = map_opt f (current t_sig).
  Proof.
    eapply Realise_monotone. eapply ReadB_Realise.
    intros t (?, t') ? t_sig ->. destruct_tapes. cbn in *.
    specialize (H (mapTape f t_sig) eq_refl) as [[= ->] ->].
    split. eauto. eapply mapTape_current.
  Qed.

  Lemma WriteB_Realise' (c : option Σ) :
    WriteB (map_opt f c) fun t '(_, t') => forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] -> t' = [| encode_tape' (wr c t_sig) |].
  Proof.
    eapply Realise_monotone. eapply WriteB_Realise.
    intros t (?, t') ? t_sig ->. destruct_tapes. cbn in *.
    specialize (H (mapTape f t_sig) eq_refl) as [= ->].
    unfold tape_write. destruct c.
    - cbn. destruct t_sig; reflexivity.
    - reflexivity.
  Qed.

  Lemma MoveB_Realise' m :
    MoveB m n fun t '(l, t') => forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] -> t' = [| encode_tape' (mv m t_sig) |].
  Proof.
    eapply Realise_monotone. eapply MoveB_Realise.
    intros t (?, t') ? t_sig ->. destruct_tapes. cbn in *.
    specialize (H (mapTape f t_sig) eq_refl) as [= ->].
    f_equal. destruct t_sig, m; try reflexivity.
    cbn. destruct l; cbn; reflexivity.
    cbn. destruct l0; cbn; reflexivity.
  Qed.

  Variable M : TM Σ 1.

  Definition Step (q : state M) : pTM (finType_CS bool) (state M + state M) 1 :=
        Switch (ReadB n) (fun c_i => if halt q then Return Nop (inr q)
                                     else let '(q', e) := trans M (q, [| map_opt g c_i |]) in
                                          let '(existT _ (c', m) _) := destruct_vector_cons e in
                                          WriteB (map_opt f c') ;; MoveB m n ;; Return Nop (inl q')).

  Smpl Add (eapply ReadB_Realise') : TM_Correct.
  Smpl Add (eapply WriteB_Realise') : TM_Correct.
  Smpl Add (eapply MoveB_Realise') : TM_Correct.

  Lemma Step_Realise q :
    Step q fun t '(q_, t') =>
      forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] ->
      if halt q then q_ = inr q /\ t' = t
                else let '(q', a) := trans M (q, [| current t_sig |]) in
                     let '(existT _ (c', m) _) := destruct_vector_cons a in
                     q_ = inl q' /\ t' = [| encode_tape' (mv m (wr c' t_sig)) |].
  Proof.
    eapply Realise_monotone.

    {
      unfold Step. eapply Switch_Realise. TM_Correct. cbn.
      intros c_i. instantiate (1 := fun c_i => _). cbn. instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct (halt q); refine _)).
      destruct (halt q). cbn.
      TM_Correct.
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct (trans (q, [|map_opt g c_i|])); refine _)). cbn.
      destruct (trans (q, [|map_opt g c_i|])).
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct (destruct_vector_cons t); refine _)). cbn.
      destruct (destruct_vector_cons t). cbn.
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct x; refine _)). cbn.
      destruct x. TM_Correct.
    }

    intros t (q_, t') ? t_sig ->. TMSimp.
    rename t'_0 into t'.
    destruct (halt q) eqn:Eq.
    - TMSimp. split. reflexivity. eapply H. reflexivity.
    - specialize (H _ eq_refl) as [[= ->] ->]. cbn in *.
      assert (Efg : forall o, map_opt g (map_opt f o) = o). { intros [s | ]; cbn; now rewrite ?Hg. }
      rewrite Efg in H0. clear Efg.
      destruct trans as [q' T] eqn:Eqt.
      destruct destruct_vector_cons as [[m c'] [nl ->]].
      TMSimp. destruct_vector. split. reflexivity.
      now eapply H0, H.
  Qed.

  Lemma WriteB_total' :
    exists C, forall (c : option (Fin.t n)), projT1 (WriteB c) fun t k => k >= C.
  Proof.
    eapply fintype_forall_exists; cbn.
    - intros. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone. eassumption.
      intros ? ? ?. lia.
    - eapply WriteB_TerminatesIn.
  Qed.

  Lemma Step_total q :
    isTotal (Step q).
  Proof.
    destruct (MoveB_total n).
    destruct (ReadB_total n).
    destruct (WriteB_total').
    eexists. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone.
    - unfold Step. eapply Switch_TerminatesIn.
      TM_Correct. cbn in *. eapply H0. cbn.
      intros c_i. instantiate (1 := ltac:(intros c_i; refine _)); cbn.
        instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct (halt q); refine _)); cbn.
        destruct halt.
        TM_Correct.
        instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct (trans (q, [| map_opt g c_i |])),
        (destruct_vector_cons t),
        x2 ; refine _)); cbn.

        destruct (trans (q, [| map_opt g c_i |])); cbn.
        destruct (destruct_vector_cons t); cbn.
        destruct x2. TM_Correct. eapply H1. eapply H.
    - cbn. intros ? ? ?. repeat eexists; help.
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct (halt q); refine _)); cbn.
      destruct halt. lia. rename yout into c_i.
      destruct (trans (q, [| map_opt g c_i |])); cbn.
      destruct (destruct_vector_cons t); cbn.
      instantiate (1 := ltac:(destruct x2; refine _)).
      destruct x2. TM_Correct.
      repeat eexists.
      eapply le_plus_l. eapply le_plus_l. eapply le_plus_l.
      eapply le_plus_l. intros. eapply le_plus_l.
    Unshelve. all:cbn.
    all: try destruct x2; cbn in *.
    3:{ destruct halt. cbn. eapply H2. eapply H2. }
    all:exact 0.
    Unshelve. all:exact 0.
  Qed.

  Lemma Step_total' :
    exists C, forall q, projT1 (Step q) fun t k => C <= k.
  Proof.
    eapply fintype_forall_exists.
    - intros. eapply TerminatesIn_monotone. eassumption. intros ? ?. lia.
    - intros q. eapply Step_total.
  Qed.

  Theorem WhileStep_Realise :
    StateWhile Step (start M)
      fun t '(q', t') => forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] -> exists t_sig', eval M (start M) [| t_sig |] q' [| t_sig' |] /\ t' = [| encode_tape' t_sig'|].
  Proof.
    generalize (start M). intros q.

    eapply Realise_monotone.
    {
      TM_Correct. eapply Step_Realise.
    }

    intros t (l, t') ? t_sig E.
    TMSimp. destruct_tapes. rename t'_0 into t'.
    remember ([|encode_tape' t_sig|]) as tin.
    remember (l, [|t'|]) as cout.
    induction H in t_sig, l, t', Heqtin, Heqcout |- *.
    - TMSimp. destruct_tapes. specialize (H _ eq_refl).
      rename l0 into q. destruct (halt q) eqn:Eq.
      + inv Heqcout. destruct H as [[= ->] [= ->]].
      + inv Heqcout. destruct trans as [q' T] eqn:Eqt.
        destruct destruct_vector_cons as [[m c'] [nl ->]].
        destruct_vector. destruct H as [[= ->] [= ->]].
        specialize (IHStateWhile_Rel _ _ _ eq_refl eq_refl) as [t_sig' [H1 [= ->]]].
        exists t_sig'. split; try reflexivity.
        econstructor. eassumption. eassumption. cbn. eassumption.
    - inv Heqcout. specialize (H _ eq_refl).
      rename l0 into q. destruct (halt q) eqn:Eq.
      + destruct H as [[= ->] [= ->]]. eexists; split; try reflexivity.
        now econstructor.
      + destruct trans as [q' T] eqn:Eqt.
        destruct destruct_vector_cons as [[m c'] [nl ->]].
        destruct_vector. destruct H as [[= ->] [= ->]].
  Qed.

  Theorem WhileStep_Terminates :
   exists C1 C2,
    projT1 (StateWhile Step (start M)) fun t k =>
            exists t_sig, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] /\
            exists k' t_sig' q', loopM (initc M [| t_sig |]) k' = Some (mk_mconfig q' [| t_sig' |] ) /\
             k >= C1 * k' + C2.
  Proof.
    unfold initc.
    generalize (start M). intros q.
    destruct (Step_total') as [C HC].
    eexists. eexists.

    eapply TerminatesIn_monotone.

    {
      eapply StateWhile_TerminatesIn. intros. eapply Step_Realise. intros. eapply HC.
    }
    
    revert q. eapply StateWhileCoInduction.
    intros q tin k H. TMSimp.
    rename ymid0 into steps, ymid into t_sig, ymid1 into t_sig', ymid2 into q'.
    remember [|t_sig|] as tin. remember [|t_sig'|] as tout.
    rename H0 into H. rename H1 into H0.
    induction steps in tin, t_sig, Heqtin, q, H0, H |- *.
    - cbn in H. unfold haltConf in H. cbn in *.
      destruct (halt q) eqn:Eq; cbn.
      + inv H. eexists. split. eapply le_plus_l.
        intros. destruct_tapes. specialize (H _ eq_refl) as [[= ->] [= ->]].
        ring_simplify in H0. shelve.
      + inv H.
    - cbn in H. unfold haltConf in H. cbn in *.
      destruct (halt q) eqn:Eq; cbn.
      + inv H. eexists. split. eapply le_plus_l.
        intros. destruct_tapes. specialize (H _ eq_refl) as [[= ->] [= ->]].
        ring_simplify in H0. shelve.
      + subst. unfold step in H. cbn in *.
        unfold current_chars in *. cbn in *.
        destruct trans as (qnxt, A) eqn:Et. cbn in *.
        destruct (destruct_vector_cons A) eqn:E2.
        destruct x as (c', m) eqn:E3. destruct s as [? ->].
        destruct_vector.
        cbn in *. pose proof (Hrem := H).
        eapply IHsteps in H. eexists. split.
        eapply le_plus_l.
        intros. specialize (H1 _ eq_refl).
        rewrite Et in H1. rewrite E2 in H1. destruct H1. subst.
        repeat eexists. rewrite <- Hrem. repeat f_equal. now destruct t_sig, m, c'.
        shelve. shelve. reflexivity. shelve.
  Unshelve.
    exact (1 + C). exact (2 + 2 * C). exact 0.
    2: exact 0. 3: exact 0. 3: (exact ((2 + steps) * S C)).
    all:lia.
  Qed.

End FixM.

Lemma Sim_Realise {Σ} (L : finType) (M : pTM Σ L 1) R :
  M R ->
  Relabel (StateWhile (@Step Σ (projT1 M)) (start (projT1 M))) (projT2 M)
    fun t '(l, t') => forall t_sig, t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] ->
                      exists t_sig', R [| t_sig |] (l, [| t_sig' |]) /\ t' = [| encode_tape' t_sig' |].
Proof.
  intros HM.
  eapply Realise_monotone. { eapply Relabel_Realise, WhileStep_Realise. }
  intros ? ? ?. TMSimp. specialize (H0 _ eq_refl). TMSimp.
  repeat eexists. unfold Realise in HM.
  eapply TM_eval_iff in H as [k H].
  now eapply HM in H.
Qed.
Lemma Sim_Terminates {Σ} (L : finType) (M : pTM Σ L 1) T :
  projT1 M T ->
  exists C1 C2,
  projT1 (Relabel (StateWhile (@Step Σ (projT1 M)) (start (projT1 M))) (projT2 M))
    fun t k => exists t_sig k', t = [| encode_tape' t_sig |] /\ T [| t_sig |] k' /\ k >= C1 * k' + C2.
Proof.
  intros HM.
  destruct (WhileStep_Terminates (projT1 M)) as (C1 & C2 & HC).
  exists C1, C2.
  eapply TerminatesIn_monotone. { eapply Relabel_Terminates, HC. }
  intros ? ? ?. TMSimp.
  eapply HM in H0. TMSimp.
  destruct ymid1. destruct_tapes. repeat eexists; eassumption.
Qed.

Require Import Undecidability.Synthetic.Definitions.
Require Import Undecidability.Synthetic.ReducibilityFacts Undecidability.TM.Util.TM_facts.

Theorem reduction :
  HaltTM 1 fun '(M,t) => @HaltsTM (finType_CS bool) 1 M t.
Proof.
  unshelve eexists.
  - intros [Σ M t]. split. exact (projT1 (StateWhile (@Step Σ M) (start M))).
    exact (Vector.map (fun t => encode_tape' t) t).
  - intros [Σ M t]. cbn. split.
    + intros (q' & t' & [n H] % TM_eval_iff).
      edestruct @Sim_Terminates with (M := (existT _ M (fun _ : state M => tt))) (T := fun tin k => tin = t /\ k >= n).
      * intros tin k [-> Hk]. cbn. exists (mk_mconfig q' t'). eapply @loop_monotone. exact H. eapply Hk.
      * destruct H0 as [k H0]. cbn in H0. edestruct H0 as [[] H1].
        -- exists (Vector.hd t), n. split. reflexivity. split. 2: now unfold ge. split. 2:lia.
           apply (Vector.caseS' t). intros ?.
           apply (Vector.case0). reflexivity.
        -- exists cstate. eexists ctapes. eapply TM_eval_iff. exists (x * n + k). unfold Relabel, initc in H1. cbn in H1.
           revert H1. apply (Vector.caseS' t). intros ?. cbn.
           intros t0. pattern t0. apply Vector.case0.
           intros H1. exact H1.
    + intros (q' & t' & [n H] % TM_eval_iff).
      eapply (Sim_Realise (M := (existT _ M (fun _ : state M => tt))) (R := fun tin '(_,tout) => exists q', eval M (start M) tin q' tout)) in H.
      * revert H. apply (Vector.caseS' t). intros ?. cbn.
        intros t0. pattern t0. apply Vector.case0.
        clear t. rename h into t. intros H.
        specialize (H t eq_refl) as [t'_sig [[q'_ H1] H2]]. cbn in H1.
        cbn in H2. subst. exists q'_, [|t'_sig|]. eassumption.
      * intros tin k [q'_ tout] Hter. cbn in *. exists q'_. eapply TM_eval_iff. exists k. exact Hter.
Qed.